Beginner⏱ 5 min read

V-Model in Software Testing

The V-Model (Verification and Validation model) is an SDLC model where each development phase has a corresponding testing phase. It emphasises that testing activities should begin in parallel with development — not after it.

◈Key Points

Left side of the V: Requirements → System Design → Architecture → Module Design → Coding.
Right side of the V mirrors each phase: Acceptance Testing, System Testing, Integration Testing, Unit Testing.
Key insight: test plans are written during the corresponding development phase, long before execution.
Weakness: rigid and poor at accommodating changing requirements mid-project.
Still widely used in safety-critical domains: medical devices, avionics, automotive software.

⚡ Expert Pro Tip

Use the V-Model's discipline of early test planning even in Agile teams — write acceptance criteria before the sprint begins.